{"id":50816,"date":"2025-07-28T19:32:55","date_gmt":"2025-07-28T14:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/?p=50816"},"modified":"2025-08-14T11:00:05","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T05:30:05","slug":"how-to-study-in-usa-for-free","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/how-to-study-in-usa-for-free\/","title":{"rendered":"How To Study In USA In Top Universities For Free As An International Student?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group key-takeaways is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Takeaways<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Know how to study in USA for free through tuition-free universities, full scholarships, and smart financial aid planning<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use top programs like Fulbright, Yale, and Stanford Knight-Hennessy that cover tuition and living expenses entirely<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apply early with strong personal statements, letters of recommendation, and a compelling story that shows impact<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>$30,000 to $70,000 a year \u2014 that\u2019s what it <em>actually<\/em> costs to study in the USA as an international student. But what if I told you some students pay zero? Not a cent in tuition. Not because they\u2019re lucky. But because they cracked the system \u2014 <em>legally and smartly<\/em>. Yes, top universities in the USA do offer full scholarships and tuition-free education to international students. You just need to know where to look \u2014 and how to play your cards right.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I say most students drain their family savings, take huge loans, or give up entirely when they hear the tuition fee. Between\u00a0visa hurdles, cost of living, and not knowing how scholarships and financial aid programs really work, the dream fades fast. But here&#8217;s the truth: colleges like Berea College, College of the Ozarks, and University of New York literally cover tuition for international students through merit-based and need-based scholarships.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Top 10 Tuition-Free Universities In The USA<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Study abroad, they said. \u201cIt\u2019ll be life-changing,\u201d they said. What they <em>didn\u2019t<\/em> say is that it might also bankrupt your family, give your dad hypertension, and leave you paying off loans until your grandkids start college. Welcome to the glamorous dream of studying in the USA \u2014 where international students often pay more in tuition than some Americans pay for a house. But here\u2019s the twist nobody talks about: some universities offer free tuition even for international students in the USA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>Yes, actual&nbsp;<strong>free universities<\/strong>, no catch. They don\u2019t advertise it in neon, but they exist \u2014 and if you&#8217;re reading this, you\u2019re already ahead of the game. These universities aren\u2019t just feel-good places handing out charity. They\u2019re highly selective, offer <strong>on-campus jobs<\/strong>, world-class education, and expect you to give back in time, effort, and talent. Think <strong>scholarships for international students<\/strong>, combined with <strong>merit<\/strong>, <strong>need<\/strong>, and work-study ethics.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><strong>University Name<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Free Tuition Coverage<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>On-Campus Requirement<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Average Graduate Salary (USD)<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Eligibility Criteria (Real Talk)<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Berea College (KY)<\/strong><\/td><td>100% tuition waived<\/td><td>Yes, mandatory 10\u201315 hrs\/week<\/td><td>$42,000\u2013$47,000<\/td><td>Need-based. Only accepts students who can\u2019t afford college. Strong academics + solid story.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>College of the Ozarks (MO)<\/strong><\/td><td>Full tuition for all<\/td><td>Yes, 15 hrs\/week + 2 weeks\/year<\/td><td>$40,000\u2013$46,000<\/td><td>U.S. work authorization required. No tuition, but you\u2019ll <em>work hard<\/em> for it.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Alice Lloyd College (KY)<\/strong><\/td><td>Free tuition for select regions<\/td><td>Strongly encouraged<\/td><td>$39,000\u2013$45,000<\/td><td>Mostly for Appalachian region students; tough for internationals but possible if already in U.S.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Curtis Institute of Music (PA)<\/strong><\/td><td>100% tuition waived for all<\/td><td>Not required<\/td><td>$60,000+ (high-tier performers)<\/td><td>Extremely competitive. Talent &gt; everything else. Auditions matter more than grades.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Deep Springs College (CA)<\/strong><\/td><td>Full cost of attendance covered<\/td><td>Yes, labor-intensive<\/td><td>$50,000\u2013$55,000<\/td><td>Only 26 students. Remote, intense, all-male. Transfer after 2 years. Philosophy meets farm life.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Webb Institute (NY)<\/strong><\/td><td>100% full tuition<\/td><td>Yes, housing provided<\/td><td>$80,000+ (Naval Architecture)<\/td><td>Only Naval Architecture. Must love engineering and the ocean. No fluff allowed.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>U.S. Air Force Academy (CO)<\/strong><\/td><td>Full ride (tuition + expenses)<\/td><td>Yes, military service required<\/td><td>$70,000+ starting, plus benefits<\/td><td>Must commit to military post-graduation. Requires U.S. residency or special sponsorships.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>U.S. Military Academy &#8211; West Point (NY)<\/strong><\/td><td>Tuition, room, board, all free<\/td><td>Mandatory<\/td><td>$80,000+ plus officer pay<\/td><td>Very limited slots for international students. Requires embassy-level nomination.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>U.S. Naval Academy (MD)<\/strong><\/td><td>Tuition + all costs covered<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td>$80,000+ (Navy careers)<\/td><td>Same as above. Not for everyone, but an option for those with grit and discipline.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>University of the People (Online, CA-based)<\/strong><\/td><td>Tuition-free online degree<\/td><td>No campus<\/td><td>Varies ($30,000 avg)<\/td><td>Fully online. Pay only for exams. Great for working students abroad. Accepted by top companies.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How To Study In The USA For Free As An International Student?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Education in the USA is sold like luxury real estate. The view is great, but the price tag? Absolutely ridiculous. Everyone\u2019s preaching \u201cstudy in USA for a brighter future\u201d while casually ignoring the $40,000+ per year price tag <em>just<\/em> for tuition for international students. Add living expenses, and suddenly your \u201cAmerican Dream\u201d starts looking more like a Netflix thriller. But here\u2019s what most people won\u2019t tell you: many universities in the USA actually offer free tuition, even to international students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>No, this isn\u2019t clickbait. And yes, students can study without the burden of tuition \u2014 but only if they stop following the herd and start using facts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So, if you\u2019re an Indian student, or any other international student eyeing a U.S. degree free in the USA, here&#8217;s what you should know: there\u2019s a system. A system filled with scholarships in the USA, tuition-free universities, and even practical training programs that can make your education free for international students. Forget what your cousin\u2019s friend\u2019s uncle told you. These are the five real reasons why students actually study for free in the USA \u2014 and you can too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Some U.S. Universities Actually Offer Free Tuition \u2014 But Don\u2019t Brag About It<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yes, you heard that right. A handful of elite tuition-free universities in the USA like Curtis Institute of Music, College of the Ozarks, and Berea College offer tuition-free education to every admitted student \u2014 including international students. These aren\u2019t some shady fly-by-night schools. These are top-tier institutions that simply believe in investing in talent, not in draining families.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#badcff\">\ud83d\udca1 <em>Pro tip:<\/em> These universities require students to contribute through work-study or specific service commitments. So be ready to earn your seat, not just sit in it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Scholarships and Grants That Actually Cover Tuition and Living Costs<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>There are different types of <a href=\"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/scholarship-to-study-in-usa-for-indian-students\/\">scholarships in the USA<\/a> \u2014 and most international students are only aware of half of them. While many focus on flashy merit awards, the game-changers are need-based scholarships, scholarships and grants, and scholarships to international students from private foundations, universities, and even the US Department of State (like the Fulbright program).<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#badcff\">\ud83d\udca1 <em>Pro tip:<\/em> Schools like Yale University and other private universities provide full merit-based and need-based scholarships that cover tuition fees, room, board, and sometimes flights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Financial Aid Isn\u2019t Just for American Students \u2014 Yes, You Can Apply Too<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Most prospective students assume that only U.S. citizens can apply for financial aid. Not true. While you can\u2019t fill out the FAFSA, many American universities have their own institutional aid applications for international students to study.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#badcff\">\ud83d\udca1 <em>Pro tip:<\/em> Some universities even offer tuition-free slots specifically for graduate students or high-potential students to study abroad from developing countries. You just have to read the fine print.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Practical Training = Paid Work = Less Debt<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Curricular Practical Training (CPT) and Optional Practical Training (OPT) aren\u2019t just technical immigration terms \u2014 they\u2019re golden tools that allow students can also earn a salary while studying or right after graduation. These practical training programs not only offer experience but also help you pay for tuition or living expenses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#badcff\">\ud83d\udca1 <em>Pro tip:<\/em> Choose a field of study like STEM, business, or IT \u2014 where OPT is extended, and salaries are high. Many students make back their investment (if any) within the first year of employment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. Applications Matter More Than You Think \u2014 Especially For Scholarships<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Most international students in the USA lose out because they treat scholarship applications like regular admissions. But if you want to study for free, your <a href=\"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/lor-letter-of-recommendation\/\">letters of recommendation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/contoh-essay-personal-statement\/\">personal statement<\/a>, and even your resume need to scream potential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#badcff\">\ud83d\udca1 <em>Pro tip:<\/em> Tailor each application to the scholarship provider. Show leadership, impact, and purpose \u2014 not just grades. Universities may offer hidden fellowships or department-specific aid that only serious applicants find.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Are The Available scholarships To Study In USA?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Every year, over <strong>1.1 million international students in the USA<\/strong> compete for a piece of the $7.5 billion in available aid. But guess what? <strong>Thousands of scholarships go unclaimed<\/strong> \u2014 simply because students either didn\u2019t know about them, thought they weren\u2019t eligible, or didn\u2019t bother applying. If you\u2019re planning to <strong>study in USA<\/strong>, this is the moment you stop scrolling and start reading.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"ast-oembed-container \" style=\"height: 100%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"TOP 3 Scholarships for Studying Abroad | Study for FREE!\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tOju0RyOcyk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Below is a <strong>no-fluff, high-value table<\/strong> of the top scholarships \u2014 including <strong>government-funded<\/strong>, <strong>university-based<\/strong>, and <strong>private scholarships<\/strong> \u2014 that actually <strong>cover tuition fees<\/strong>, living costs, or both, making your <strong>education in the USA<\/strong> more affordable, or even completely <strong>free for international students<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><strong>Scholarship Name<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Covers<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Who Can Apply<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Offered By<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Pro Tips \/ Notes<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Fulbright Foreign Student Program<\/strong><\/td><td>Full tuition, living, travel<\/td><td>Graduate students, researchers<\/td><td>US Department of State<\/td><td>Highly competitive; includes all fields except medicine.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Yale University Scholarships<\/strong><\/td><td>Full\/partial tuition + living<\/td><td>Undergrad &amp; grad <strong>international students<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/college\/yale-university\/2400\/\">Yale University<\/a><\/td><td>Offers both <strong>need-based<\/strong> and <strong>merit-based<\/strong> options.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Stanford Knight-Hennessy Scholars<\/strong><\/td><td>Full tuition + stipend<\/td><td>Graduate students<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/college\/stanford-university\/1814\/\">Stanford University<\/a><\/td><td>Strong focus on leadership &amp; impact.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>AAUW International Fellowships<\/strong><\/td><td>Tuition + living ($20K\u2013$50K)<\/td><td>Female international grad students<\/td><td>American Association of University Women<\/td><td>For non-US citizen women in master\u2019s or doctoral programs.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Clark Global Scholarship Program<\/strong><\/td><td>$15,000\u2013$25,000\/year<\/td><td>Undergraduate <strong>international students<\/strong><\/td><td>Clark University<\/td><td>Automatically considered if you apply to the university.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Harvard University Scholarships<\/strong><\/td><td>Full need-based aid<\/td><td>UG &amp; grad students<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/college\/harvard-university\/772\/\">Harvard University<\/a><\/td><td>Offers extensive <strong>scholarships and financial aid<\/strong> packages.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>PEO International Peace Scholarship<\/strong><\/td><td>Up to $12,500<\/td><td>Women pursuing grad degrees<\/td><td>PEO Sisterhood<\/td><td>Must return to home country post-study.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>University of Oregon ICSP Scholarship<\/strong><\/td><td>Partial tuition waiver<\/td><td>UG &amp; grad international students<\/td><td>University of Oregon<\/td><td>Involves public service and cultural exchange.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Joint Japan\/World Bank Scholarship<\/strong><\/td><td>Tuition, living, travel, insurance<\/td><td>Grad students from developing nations<\/td><td>World Bank &amp; partnering U.S. universities<\/td><td>For development-related programs only.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Illinois Wesleyan University Scholarships<\/strong><\/td><td>$10,000\u2013$30,000\/year<\/td><td>High-achieving undergrads<\/td><td>IWU<\/td><td>Based <strong>on merit<\/strong>; renewable for 4 years.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The system isn\u2019t perfect, but if you understand how it works \u2014 and work <em>with<\/em> it \u2014 you can absolutely get a world-class <strong>education in the USA<\/strong> without the weight of debt hanging over your head. So don\u2019t wait around for luck. Build your case, tell your story, and go after what\u2019s already out there, waiting for someone like you to claim it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To get into a top U.S. university isn\u2019t just about grades\u2014it\u2019s about strategy. Ambitio\u2019s AI-powered platform and expert consultants help you tackle applications, study gaps, and visa approvals with confidence. No confusion, no wasted time\u2014just a clear path to your dream school. So if you want to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/study-in-usa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">study in USA<\/a>, Ambitio is the answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">FAQs<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753710876537\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Can I study in the USA for free?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes, it is possible through scholarships, grants, tuition-free colleges, and financial aid programs that cover tuition and living expenses<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753711159795\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Which universities in the USA are tuition-free?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Some top tuition-free US universities include Berea College, College of the Ozarks, Deep Springs College, Webb Institute, and Macaulay Honors College<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753711175026\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What types of scholarships are available for international students?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Scholarships include merit-based, need-based, university-specific, government-sponsored (like Fulbright), and private organization scholarships<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753711183820\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Can I work while studying to support my expenses?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes, F-1 visa holders can work on-campus up to 20 hours per week during semesters and full-time during breaks<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1753711193617\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Are there scholarships specifically for Indian students?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes, there are scholarships and fellowships like the Tata Scholarship at Cornell University and the Fulbright-Nehru Fellowship for Indian students<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Key Takeaways $30,000 to $70,000 a year \u2014 that\u2019s what it actually costs to study in the USA as an international student. But what if I told you some students pay zero? Not a cent in tuition. Not because they\u2019re lucky. But because they cracked the system \u2014 legally and smartly. Yes, top universities in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":50822,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-usa"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50816","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50816"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50816\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50822"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50816"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50816"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ambitio.club\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50816"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}